Methiopropamine

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Summary sheet: Methiopropamine
Methiopropamine
Methiopropamine.svg
Chemical Nomenclature
Common names MPA
Substitutive name Methiopropamine
Systematic name 1-(Thiophen-2-yl)-2-methylaminopropane
Routes of Administration

WARNING: Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. See responsible use section.



Oral
Dosage
Threshold 10 - 20 mg
Light 20 - 30 mg
Common 30 - 50 mg
Strong 50 - 60 mg
Heavy 60 mg +
Duration
Total 6 - 10 hours
Onset 30 - 60 minutes
Peak 2 - 4 hours
Offset 2 - 3 hours
After effects 1 - 2 hours



Insufflated
Dosage
Threshold 5 mg
Light 5 - 20 mg
Common 20 - 40 mg
Strong 40 - 60 mg
Heavy 60 mg +
Duration
Total 2 - 4 hours
Onset 5 - 10 minutes
Come up 5 - 10 minutes
Peak 30 - 60 minutes
Offset 30 - 120 minutes
After effects 6 - 8 hours






DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation and should be verified with other sources for accuracy.

Interactions
Alcohol
DXM
MXE
MDMA
Cocaine
Stimulants
Array5x-NBOMe
Array5x-NBOH
Tramadol
MAOIs


Methiopropamine (MPA) is a thiophene ring-based structural analogue of methamphetamine which was originally reported in 1942.[1] Chemically, it is not a phenethylamine or amphetamine, nor is it their functional analog. It originally appeared for public sale in the U.K. in December 2010 as a research chemical or legal high, recently branded as "Blow".[2] It has limited popularity as a recreational stimulant.[3]

Chemistry

Methiopropamine, or 1-(thiophen-2-yl)-2-methylaminopropane, is a synthetic molecule of the thiophene class. It is a structural analogue to methamphetamine. It contains a thiophene ring bound to an amino (NH2) group through an ethyl chain with an additional methyl substitution at Rα. Methiopropamine contains an additional methyl substitution at RN (similarly to MDMA and methamphetamine). Although methiopropamine is analogous to methamphetamine, it is neither an amphetamine nor a phenethylamine as methiopropamine contains a thiophene ring instead of a benzene ring. Thiophene is a five-membered aromatic ring with a sulphur constituent.

Pharmacology

Methiopropamine functions as a selective norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agent. This allows dopamine and norepinephrine to accumulate within the brain, resulting in stimulating and euphoric effects. It is approximately one third as potent as dextroamphetamine as a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and one fifth as much as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor. It displays negligible activity as a serotonin reuptake inhibitor.[4]

Subjective effects

The effects listed below are based upon the subjective effects index and personal experiences of PsychonautWiki contributors. These effects should be taken with a grain of salt and will rarely (if ever) occur all at once, but heavier doses will increase the chances of inducing a full range of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become much more likely on higher doses and may include serious injury or death.

Physical effects
Child.svg

    • Stimulation - In terms of its effects on the physical energy levels of the user, methiopropamine is usually considered to be mildly to moderately energetic and stimulating in a fashion that is considerably weaker in comparison to that of traditional recreational stimulants such as amphetamine, MDMA or cocaine. This encourages physical activities such as performing chores, repetitive tasks which would otherwise be boring and strenuous physical activities.
    • Spontaneous tactile sensations - The "body high" of methiopropamine can be described as an intense euphoric, sharp and all-encompassing tingling sensation that remains present through the duration of the experience.
    • Increased heart rate - In comparison to other stimulants such as amphetamine or cocaine, methiopropamine only has a mild effect on one's heart rate.
    • Appetite suppression The above components are also accompanied by a suppression of appetite which is usually much less intense in strength in comparison to the appetite suppression experienced with amphetamine or methamphetamine.
    • Increased perspiration
    • Increased libido
    • Temperature regulation suppression
    • Teeth grinding - This component can be considered to be less intense when compared with that of MDMA.

Cognitive effects
User.svg

After effects
Aftereffects (3).svg

Experience reports

Anecdotal reports which describe the effects of this compound within our experience index include:

Additional experience reports can be found here:

Toxicity and harm potential

Further information: Research chemicals § Toxicity and harm potential

The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational MPA use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic dosage is unknown. This is because MPA has very little history of human usage. Anecdotal evidence from people who have tried MPA within the community suggest that there do not seem to be any negative health effects attributed to simply trying this drug at low to moderate doses by itself and using it sparingly (but nothing can be completely guaranteed).

It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices when using this drug.

Tolerance and addiction potential

As with other stimulants, the chronic use of MPA can be considered moderately addictive with a high potential for abuse and is capable of causing psychological dependence among certain users. When addiction has developed, cravings and withdrawal effects may occur if a person suddenly stops their usage.

Tolerance to many of the effects of MPA develops with prolonged and repeated use. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about 3 - 7 days for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 1 - 2 weeks to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). MPA presents cross-tolerance with all dopaminergic stimulants, meaning that after the consumption of MPA all stimulants will have a reduced effect.

Psychosis

Main article: Stimulant psychosis

Abuse of compounds within the stimulant class at high dosages for prolonged periods of time can potentially result in a stimulant psychosis that may present with a variety of symptoms (e.g., paranoia, hallucinations, or delusions).[5] A review on treatment for amphetamine, dextroamphetamine, and methamphetamine abuse-induced psychosis states that about 5–15% of users fail to recover completely.[6][7] The same review asserts that, based upon at least one trial, antipsychotic medications effectively resolve the symptoms of acute amphetamine psychosis.[8]

Dangerous interactions

Although many psychoactive substances are reasonably safe to use on their own, they can quickly become dangerous or even life-threatening when taken with other substances. The following lists some known dangerous combinations, but cannot be guaranteed to include all of them. Independent research should always be conducted to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some interactions listed have been sourced from TripSit.

  • MDMA - The neurotoxic effects of MDMA may be increased when combined with other amphetamines.
  • Cocaine - This combination may increase strain on the heart.
  • Stimulants - Methiopropamine can be potentially dangerous in combination with other stimulants as it can increase one's heart rate and blood pressure to dangerous levels.
  • 25x-NBOMe & 25x-NBOH - Members of the 25x family are highly stimulating and physically straining. Combinations with stimulants should be avoided due to the risk of excessive stimulation. This can result in panic attacks, thought loops, seizures, increased blood pressure, vasoconstriction, and heart failure in extreme cases.
  • Alcohol - Alcohol can be dangerous to combine with stimulants due to the risk of accidental over-intoxication. Stimulants mask the sedative effects of alcohol, which is the main factor people use to assess their degree of intoxication. Once the stimulant wears off, the depressant effects of alcohol are left unopposed, which can result in blackouts and respiratory depression. If combined, one should strictly limit themselves to only drinking a certain amount of alcohol per hour.
  • DXM - Combinations with DXM should be strictly avoided due to DXM's effects on serotonin and dopamine reuptake. This can lead to panic attacks, hypertensive crisis, or serotonin syndrome.
  • MXE - Combinations with MXE may dangerously elevate blood pressure and increase the risk of psychosis.
  • Tramadol - Tramadol lowers the seizure threshold.[9] Combinations with stimulants may further increase this risk.
  • MDMA - The neurotoxic effects of MDMA may be increased when combined with amphetamine and other stimulants.

Legal issues

  • Finland: Methiopropamine is illegal in Finland.[citation needed]
  • Germany: Methiopropamine is is controlled under BtMG Anlage I, making it illegal to manufacture, import, possess, sell, or transfer it without a license.[11]
  • United Kingdom: Methiopropamine is a Class B drug.[12]
  • United States: Methiopropamine is not scheduled at the federal level in the United States,[13] but it could be considered an analogue of methamphetamine in which case purchase, sale, or possession could be prosecuted under the Federal Analogue Act. Methiopropamine's structure differs from methamphetamine's structure significantly more than previous successful prosecutions under the same law.[citation needed]
    • Florida: Methiopropamine is a Schedule I controlled substance in the state of Florida, making it illegal to buy, sell, or possess in Florida.[14]

See also

External links

References

  1. ↑ α-Thienylaminoalkanes | http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja01255a001
  2. ↑ The syntheses of 1-(2-thienyl)-2-(methylamino) propane (methiopropamine) and its 3-thienyl isomer for use as reference standards. (PubMed.gov / NCBI) | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21770051
  3. ↑ https://www.ukchemicalresearch.org/Thread-MPA
  4. ↑ Neurochemical profiles of some novel psychoactive substances (ScienceDirect) | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014299912010114
  5. ↑ Treatment for amphetamine psychosis | [1]
  6. ↑ Treatment for amphetamine psychosis | [2]
  7. ↑ Hofmann FG (1983). A Handbook on Drug and Alcohol Abuse: The Biomedical Aspects (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. p. 329. ISBN 9780195030570.
  8. ↑ Treatment for amphetamine psychosis | [3]
  9. ↑ Talaie, H., Panahandeh, R., Fayaznouri, M. R., Asadi, Z., & Abdollahi, M. (2009). Dose-independent occurrence of seizure with tramadol. Journal of Medical Toxicology, 5(2), 63-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03161089
  10. ↑ Gillman, P. K. (2005). Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, opioid analgesics and serotonin toxicity. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 95(4), 434-441. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aei210
  11. ↑ http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/anlage_i.html
  12. ↑ United Kingdom. (2017). Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (S.I. 2017/1114). London: The Stationery Office Limited. Retrieved February 9, 2018, from https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2017/1114/made
  13. ↑ http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/21cfr/cfr/1308/1308_11.htm
  14. ↑ http://leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&URL=0800-0899/0893/0893.html
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