List of psychoactive substances to avoid

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Substance Reason for avoid
All research chemicals Research chemicals pose significant health risks and are not safe for human consumption, with unknown long-term effects and potential severe medical consequences. However, substances with longer histories of use, such as 5-MeO-MiPT (40 years), may have better-understood risk profiles.
5F-ADB 25 deaths in Europe between 2015 and 2017.[1]
Alcohol IARC group 1 Carcinogen, neurotoxin
Benadryl challenge Dangerous social media trend involving diphenhydramine overdose
Black tar heroin Black tar heroin injection is associated with Clostridium botulinum infection.
Bufotoxins Despite some toads being a frequent target for milking (toad retreats), they still carry cardio toxic bufotoxins which have been linked to deaths. The effects of the bufotoxins in other toads are not well understood.
Desmethylprodine MPTP may be accidentally produced during the manufacture of MPPP. 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a metabolite of MPTP, causes rapid onset of irreversible symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease.[2][3]
Desomorphine Impure desmethylprodine, known as "krokodil," is associated severe tissue damage and toxicity.
Gray death Dangerous opioid mixture with unpredictable potency. Example: A mixture of drugs misleadingly called 2C-B had been found to contain fentanyl in Argentina.[4]
Toxic inhalants Hydrocarbons (e.g. butane gas, gasoline), and ketones (e.g. acetone). Inhalants not designed for medical use (e.g. medical gasoline) are considered toxic inhalants, and a single session of using them can result in sudden death even a single session of inhalant use,[5][6] and when used frequently they can cause and chronic solvent-induced encephalopathy (CSE).
Kambo Potentially dangerous traditional medicine from frog secretions. Kambo has resulted in a few deaths.
Lean (Codeine/promethazine) Mixture of codeine cough syrup and soda, risk of addiction. Lean has resulted in many deaths, a few notable ones.
Methanol contaminated alcohol Toxic alcohol substitute causing blindness and death. Responsible for thousands of methanol poisoning incidents.
MDMB-FUBINACA Synthetic cannabinoid with severe adverse effects. 40 deaths had occurred as a consequence of intoxication by MDMB-FUBINACA as of March 2015.[7][8]
MDPV Stimulant with high addiction potential and dangerous side effects. A total of 107 non-fatal intoxications and 99 analytically confirmed deaths related to MDPV between September 2009 and August 2013 were reported by nine European countries.[9]
Speedball Dangerous combination of stimulants and depressants. Linked to many notable deaths.
Surrogate alcohol 78 people died] from drinking surrogate alcohol in the Russian city of Irkutsk.[10]
Wasp dope Ingestion of common household insecticides. Possible symptoms of ingesting bug poison include, but are not limited to: erratic behavior, nausea, headache, sore throat, extreme inflammation, redness of the hands and feet, auditory hallucinations, psychosis, convulsions, coma, necrosis, and death.[11][12][13][14]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Template:Cite report
  2. ↑ Davis, Glenn C.; Williams, Adrian C.; Markey, Sanford P.; Ebert, Michael H.; Caine, Eric D.; Reichert, Cheryl M.; Kopin, Irwin J. (December 1979). "Chronic parkinsonism secondary to intravenous injection of meperidine analogues". Psychiatry Research. 1 (3): 249–254. doi:10.1016/0165-1781(79)90006-4. PMID 298352.  Unknown parameter |s2cid= ignored (help)
  3. ↑ Wallis, Claudia (2001-06-24). "Surprising Clue to Parkinson's". Time. Archived from the original on February 11, 2007. Retrieved 2010-05-13.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  4. ↑ "Fentanyl and 2CB, Worrying New Cocktail on Colombia's Party Circuit". InSight Crime. 20 July 2021. 
  5. ↑ "Inhalants: MedlinePlus". Retrieved 19 July 2017. 
  6. ↑ https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/119/5/1009/70263/Inhalant-Abuse
  7. ↑ "Выступление председателя ГАК, директора ФСКН России В.П. Иванова на заседании ГАК 6 октября 2014 г" (in Russian). Federal Drug Control Service of the Russian Federation. 6 October 2014. Archived from the original on 9 July 2015. Retrieved 24 June 2015.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  8. ↑ I. Bulygina (21 October 2014). "Clinical presentations of intoxication by new psychoactive compound MDMB(N)-Bz-F. Thesis of The II Scientific and Practical Seminar 'Methodical, Organizational and Law Problems of Chemical and Toxicological Laboratories of Narcological Services', Moscow" (in Russian). Retrieved 13 July 2015. 
  9. ↑ "EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: MDPV (3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone)" (PDF). European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA). January 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 15, 2016. Retrieved June 27, 2016.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  10. ↑ "Vladimir Putin orders clampdown on 'surrogate' alcohol as deaths rise". The Guardian. 2016-12-21. Archived from the original on 2022-10-10.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
  11. ↑ "Wasp spray used as alternative meth, contributed to three overdoses". WISH-TV. 
  12. ↑ "People Are Overdosing on Wasp Spray in West Virginia". Livescience. 
  13. ↑ Bradberry, SM (2005). "Poisoning due to pyrethroids". Toxicological Reviews. 2 (24): 93–106. doi:10.2165/00139709-200524020-00003. PMID 16180929.  Unknown parameter |s2cid= ignored (help)
  14. ↑ American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing. p. 113. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596. ISBN 978-0-89042-554-1. 


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