1,3-Butanediol
1,3-Butanediol, not to be confused with 1,4-butanediol (a GHB prodrug), is a depressant substance and a prodrug for the ketone body beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB). It occurs as a thick, colorless liquid or solid depending on storage temperature, and has a distinct bitter-sweet taste. It is used as a recreational intoxicant with effects comparable to alcohol, though much shorter in duration. The R enantiomer of 1,3-Butanediol is more active.
The toxicity of 1,3-Butanediol in animals models is lower than that of alcohol, potentially owing to the formation of a less toxic aldehyde following dehydrogenation by alcohol dehydrogenase.[1]
Chemistry
1,3-Butanediol is classified as a subclass of alcoholic compounds called diols. Diols are named for having two alcohol (OH-) substitutions in their structure. 1,3-Butanediol is comprised of a butane chain of four carbon groups with with alcohol substitutions at R1 and R3.1,3-Butanediol is named for these alcohol substitutions. These alcohol substitutions make 1,3-Butanediol a polar liquid, which explains its good solubility in water.[2]
Pharmacology
1,3-Butanediol is likely active in its own right, prior to metabolism to BHB, but direct binding to CNS receptors has not been confirmed. The inherent activity of 1,3-Butanediol is suggested by the differential effects of its metabolite, BHB, when administered on its own in humans.
1,3-Butanediol is metabolized to 3-hydroxybutyraldehyde, which is presumed to not have the same organ toxicity associated with acetaldehyde owing to the reduced toxicity of 1,3-Butanediol in animal models.[3]
Subjective effects
Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.
It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.
Physical effects 
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- Stimulation and Sedation - The initial peak effect of 1,3BDO may be sedating or stimulating to the user depending on the dose used. Lower doses tend to be more stimulating while higher doses are more likely to sedate. However, the after effects of 1,3BDO are often described as stimulating, potentially due to the metabolic generation of BHB.
- Dizziness - This effect usually only occurs in those susceptible to it and passes soon after initial onset.
- Dehydration - Users often report increased urination during the experience. The effects of dehydration are avoidable provided the user drinks enough water.
Cognitive effects 
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- Anxiety suppression
- Disinhibition
- Cognitive moodlift - this effect is comparable to ethanol, but shorter lasting
- Sociability enhancement - 1,3BDO is similar to alcohol in this effect
- Analysis suppression
- Thought deceleration - this effect is felt near the initial peak. However, the after effects of 1,3BDO can be described as thought-accelerating.
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| Summary sheet: 1,3-Butanediol |
| 1,3-Butanediol | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Chemical Nomenclature | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common names | DMT, Dimethyltryptamine, Dmitri | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substitutive name | N,N-Dimethyltryptamine | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Systematic name | 2-(1H-Indol-3-yl)-N,N-dimethylethanamine | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Class Membership | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Psychoactive class | Psychedelic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chemical class | Tryptamine | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Routes of Administration | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.
It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.
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