Template:Warning/Ketamine
Both ketamine and esketamine may increase bladder damage.
Ketamine possesses a strong abuse potential at typical antidepressive doses.[1][2] Ketamine has reported cases of severe bladder and liver injury. Esketamine, a newer nasal spray formulation of Ketamine, does not have any reported cases and is purported to have a better safety profile. However, in recent short-term clinical trials esketamine still more-than-doubled the amount of adverse bladder events when compared to placebo (6-10% vs 1-4%). Although 2/3 of esketamine incidents resolved themselves either without intervention or through a lowering of dosage, any physiological damage is acute and immediate: in typical dose regimens steady-state concentrations are not reached.
- ↑ Kokane, Saurabh S.; Armant, Ross J.; Bolaños-Guzmán, Carlos A.; Perrotti, Linda I. (2020). "Overlap in the neural circuitry and molecular mechanisms underlying ketamine abuse and its use as an antidepressant". Behavioural Brain Research. 384: 112548. doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112548. ISSN 0166-4328.
- ↑ Bozymski, Kevin M.; Crouse, Ericka L.; Titus-Lay, Erika N.; Ott, Carol A.; Nofziger, Jill L.; Kirkwood, Cynthia K. (2019). "Esketamine: A Novel Option for Treatment-Resistant Depression". Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 54 (6): 567–576. doi:10.1177/1060028019892644. ISSN 1060-0280.