Talk:Etomidate

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Summary sheet: Etomidate

Etomidate (USAN, INN, BAN; marketed as Amidate) is a short-acting intravenous anaesthetic agent used for the induction of general anaesthesia and sedation for short procedures such as reduction of dislocated joints, tracheal intubation, cardioversion and electroconvulsive therapy. It was developed at Janssen Pharmaceutica in 1964 and was introduced as an intravenous agent in 1972 in Europe and in 1983 in the United States.

The most common side effects include venous pain on injection and skeletal muscle movements.

Etomidate
Chemical Nomenclature
Common names	2-MMC, Ortomephedrone
Substitutive name	2-Methylmethcathinone
Systematic name	2-(methylamino)-1-(2-methylphenyl)propan-1-one
Class Membership
Psychoactive class	Depressants
Chemical class	Cathinone
Routes of Administration
WARNING: Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. See responsible use section. ⇣ Insufflated Dosage Threshold 5 mg Light 5 - 15 mg Common 15 - 40 mg Strong 40 - 80 mg Heavy 80 mg + Duration Total 2 - 4 hours Onset 10 - 15 minutes Peak 1 - 1.5 hours Offset 1 - 2 hours After effects 1 - 1.5 hours DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is gathered from users and resources for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation and should be verified with other sources for accuracy.
Interactions

History and culture

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Chemistry

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Pharmacology

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Etomidate is an imidazole-derived, non-barbiturate, short-acting intravenous anesthetic. The etomidate distribution model conforms to the three-compartment drug distribution model, and the distribution volume is 2.2-4.5L/kg. Because of its high binding capacity to serum proteins and rapid drug metabolism, the time-dose-related half-life does not extend significantly with continuous infusion. It is not only suitable for single administration during induction, but also for intraoperative maintenance. The site of action of intravenous anesthetics is generally related to gamma-aminobutyric acid, and the important target of etomidate's molecular mechanism of action is the GABA-A receptor.

Forman found in experimental studies that different concentrations of etomidate act on GABA-A receptors in different ways. Commonly used doses of etomidate are similar to GABA-A receptor agonists, prolonging the decay time of postsynaptic inhibitory currents, lengthening the duration of inhibition, and also activating extrasynaptic GABA receptors. Excessive doses of etomidate act directly on GABA-A receptors and are similar to GABA allosteric activators. Studies have found that etomidate not only acts on GABA receptors, but also on α-2β adrenergic receptors, thereby causing vasoconstriction and maintaining hemodynamic stability.

Subjective effects

This subjective effects section is a stub. As such, it is still in progress and may contain incomplete or wrong information. You can help by expanding or correcting it.

Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism.

It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses and may include addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.

Physical effects

• If applicable, a brief paragraph summary of the substance's physical effects may be included here. You may select physical effects to add below here.
  • Motor control loss
  • Physical effect2
  • Physical effect3

Visual effects

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  Enhancements

  • Visual acuity effect1

  Distortions

  • Visual distortion effect1

  Geometry

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  Hallucinatory states

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  • Hallucinatory states1

Cognitive effects

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  • Irritability Excessive use of etomidate can cause irritability
  • Cognitive effect2
  • Cognitive effect3

Auditory effects

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  • Auditory effect1
  • Auditory effect2

Multi-sensory effects

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  • Multisensory effect1
  • Multisensory effect2

Transpersonal effects

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  • Transpersonal effect1
  • Transpersonal effect2

Experience reports

There are currently 0 experience reports which describe the effects of this substance in our experience index.

Additional experience reports can be found here:

• Erowid Experience Vaults: SUBSTANCE

Toxicity and harm potential

This toxicity and harm potential section is a stub. As a result, it may contain incomplete or even dangerously wrong information! You can help by expanding upon or correcting it. Note: Always conduct independent research and use harm reduction practices if using this substance.

It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices when using this substance.

Dangerous interactions

This dangerous interactions section is a stub. As such, it may contain incomplete or invalid information. You can help by expanding upon or correcting it.

Warning: Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).

Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit.

Legal status

This legality section is a stub. As such, it may contain incomplete or wrong information. You can help by expanding it.

See also

• Responsible use

External links

(List along order below)

• SUBSTANCE (Wikipedia)
• SUBSTANCE (Erowid Vault)
• SUBSTANCE ([PiHKAL or TiHKAL] / Isomer Design)

Literature

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